Why is Teachers’ Day celebrated on September 5?
September 5 was chosen as Teachers’ Day in India because it marks the birth anniversary of Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan.
He was born on September 5, 1888, in Tiruttani, then part of the Madras Presidency. He went on to become one of India's best-known philosophers, scholars and educationists.
According to the widely cited account behind the tradition, when some of his students and admirers wanted to celebrate his birthday, Radhakrishnan suggested that the day instead be observed in honour of teachers.
The idea eventually became the basis for India's annual Teachers’ Day celebration on September 5.
Who was Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan?
Radhakrishnan was a distinguished philosopher and educationist who played an important role in presenting Indian philosophy to audiences around the world.
He taught at institutions including Madras Presidency College, the University of Mysore and the University of Calcutta. He also served as vice-chancellor of Andhra University and Banaras Hindu University.
He later became the Spalding Professor of Eastern Religions and Ethics at Oxford University, further strengthening his international academic reputation.
His role as President of India
Radhakrishnan served as India's first Vice-President from 1952 to 1962 before becoming the country's second President in 1962.
He remained President until 1967.
In recognition of his contribution to education, philosophy and public life, he was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, in 1954.
Why is Teachers’ Day important?
Teachers’ Day is more than a ceremonial occasion. It provides an opportunity to recognise the influence teachers have on students' lives.
Teachers do more than deliver lessons. They help students develop critical thinking, discipline, confidence, values and a sense of responsibility.
The day gives students an opportunity to express gratitude to educators who contribute to their academic and personal development.
How do schools celebrate Teachers’ Day?
Schools and colleges across India often organise special events on September 5.
These can include cultural programmes, speeches, classroom activities and ceremonies honouring teachers. In some schools, students take on teaching responsibilities for a day as part of the celebrations.
Students may also give teachers greeting cards, flowers and other tokens of appreciation.
India’s Teachers’ Day vs World Teachers’ Day
India celebrates its national Teachers’ Day on September 5, while World Teachers’ Day is observed internationally on October 5.
World Teachers’ Day has been observed under UNESCO since 1994. It focuses on recognising teachers worldwide and highlighting issues related to their rights, responsibilities and working conditions.
The two occasions therefore have different origins: September 5 is specifically linked to Radhakrishnan in India, while October 5 is an international observance.
Teachers’ Day 2026
On September 5, 2026, students and educational institutions across India are once again celebrating Teachers’ Day.
Schools and colleges are using the occasion to honour educators and remember Radhakrishnan's contribution to education and philosophy.
At a time when education is being transformed by digital technology and artificial intelligence, teachers continue to play an important role as mentors and guides who help students understand, question and apply what they learn.
Conclusion
September 5 is not simply the birth anniversary of Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. In India, it has become a day dedicated to recognising the contribution of teachers who help shape generations of students.
Radhakrishnan's suggestion that his birthday be used to honour teachers gave the occasion its distinctive meaning. Decades later, Teachers’ Day remains an important reminder of the value of educators in India's social and educational life.
